Classic Dispensationalism believes that there are two classes of people, relative to God’s Covenant. One group is God’s heavenly people (the Jews), for whom the New Covenant is constitutive; and the other group, God’s earthly people (the Church) for whom the Cross is constitutive. In other words, only the Jews are privy to the New Covenant, and at best the Church gets to experience the overflow of the New Covenant, but not in the direct way as National Israel.

I think this is at odds with the scriptural witness, and this is most exemplified by the Incarnation of Jesus (a la the Chalcedonian articulation). In other words, Jesus was particularized as a Jewish man from Nazareth, but this particularization was not limited to His Jewishness. His particularization, as foreshadowed in the protoevangelium (Gen. 3:15) and Abrahamic Covenant (Gen. 12:1-3ff) and realized in the New Covenant (Ez. 36:24ff; Jer. 31:31ff; II Cor. 3; Hebrews; etc.), encompasses all of humanity—in other words His particularity is the ingressive point through which ALL HUMANITY is brought into “Israel” (isn’t this what Rom. 9–11 is getting at). I think the incarnation presupposes the framework provided by Yahweh’s dealing with the “nation of Israel,” but that once the fullness of time comes the “nation” of Israel is superseded by the Person whom the nation mediated to the nations.

Contrarily, if we follow Classic Dispensationalism’s two peoples paradigm, we follow the Nestorian Heresy. We split Jesus into two people, one “divine” (i.e. God’s Heavenly people, the Jews), and one “earthly” (e.g. God’s earthly people, the Church). Furthermore, in this view, the incarnation does not allow for an accounting of how “all humanity” can be represented by Christ; since His Jewishness is limited to the Jewish nation, and not encompassing all humanity. This is contrary to the intentions of Gen. 3:15, the Abrahamic Covenant, the historic understanding of the church and its apostolic witness codified in particular creeds and councils.

My hope is that if there are any Classic Dispys reading here, that you come to terms with this apparent dilemma, relative to the incarnation, that all Christians hold so dearly. Either the incarnation encompasses all of humanity, or it doesn’t? And if it doesn’t, then I’m afraid “of all men we are to be pitied.”